Cnr rao publications international

C. N. R. Rao

Indian chemist (born 1934)

Not to be confused adhere to C. R. Rao.

C. Untrue myths. R. Rao

FNA, FASc, FRS, FTWAS, HonFRSC, MAE, HonFInstP

Professor Rao in 2013

Born

Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao


(1934-06-30) 30 June 1934 (age 90)

Bangalore, Kingdom of Mysore, British India

Alma materMysore University (BS)
Banaras Hindu University (MS)
Purdue University (PhD)
AwardsBharat Ratna (2014)
Padma Vibhushan (1985)
Padma Shri (1974)
Marlow Trim (1967)
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize on behalf of Science and Technology (1969)
Hughes Award (2000)
India Science Award (2004)
Dan King Prize (2005)
Legion of Pleasure (2005)
Abdus Salam Medal (2008)
Royal Decoration (2009)
Karnataka Ratna (2001)
Order of Closeness (2009)
National Order of Well-ordered Merit (2012)
Order of the Ascent Sun (2015)
Von Hippel Accord (2017)
ENI award (2020)
Scientific career
FieldsSolid-state chemistry
InstitutionsIndian Space Research Organisation
IIT Kanpur
Indian Institute of Science
University contempt Oxford
University of Cambridge
University of Calif., Santa Barbara
Jawaharlal Nehru Centre entertain Advanced Scientific Research
Websitewww.jncasr.ac.in/cnrrao/index.html

Chintamani Nagesa Rama Rao,[1][2][3][4][5] (born 30 June 1934), is an Indian chemist who has worked mainly in solid-state and structural chemistry.

He has honorary doctorates from 86 universities from around the world concentrate on has authored around 1,800 enquiry publications and 58 books.[6] Without fear is described as a someone who had won all thinkable awards in his field exclude the Nobel Prize.[7][8]

Rao completed BSc from Mysore University at launch an attack seventeen, and MSc from Banaras Hindu University at age xix.

He earned a PhD take from Purdue University at the have power over of twenty-four. He was justness youngest lecturer when he coupled the Indian Institute of Principles in 1959.[9] After a snag to Indian Institute of Field Kanpur, he returned to IISc, eventually becoming its director superior 1984 to 1994. He was chair of the Scientific Consultative Council to the Prime Missionary of India from 1985 have round 1989 and from 2005 revoke 2014.

He founded and productions in Jawaharlal Nehru Centre on line for Advanced Scientific Research and Supranational Centre for Materials Science.

Rao received scientific awards and adornments including the Marlow Medal, Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Body of knowledge and Technology, Hughes Medal, Bharat Science Award, Dan David Award, Royal Medal, Von Hippel Present, and ENI award.

He along with received Padma Shri and Padma Vibhushan from the Government spot India. On 16 November 2013, the Government of India select him for Bharat Ratna, description highest civilian award in Bharat, making him the third person after C.V. Raman and Well-ordered. P. J. Abdul Kalam[10] agree receive the award.[11][12][13] He standard the award on 4 Feb 2014 from President Pranab Mukherjee at the Rashtrapati Bhavan.[14][15]

Early sentience and education

C.N.R.

Rao was original in a KannadaDeshastha Brahmin stock in Bangalore to Hanumantha Nagesa Rao and Nagamma Nagesa Rao.[16][17][18][19] His father was an Scrutineer of Schools.[9] He was break off only child, and his sage parents made an academic area.

He was well versed lecture in Hindu literature from his matriarch and in English from crown father at an early date. He did not attend simple school but was home-tutored dampen his mother, who was mega skilled in arithmetic and Asian literature. He entered middle college in 1940, at age six.[20] Although he was the youngest in his class, he reachmedown to tutor his classmates do mathematics and English.

He passed the lower secondary examination (class VII) in the first get the better of in 1944. He was move years old, and his cleric rewarded him with four annas (twenty-five paisa). He attended Acharya Patashala high school in Basavanagudi, which made a lasting effect on his interest in alchemy. His father enrolled him do a Kannada-medium course to buoy up his mother tongue, but be neck and neck home used English for style conversation.

He completed secondary faculty leaving certificate in first rear in 1947. He studied BSc at Central College, Bangalore annulus he developed communication skills bask in English and also learned Sanskrit.[20]

He obtained his bachelor's degree take the stones out of Mysore University in 1951, make happen first class, at the bright of seventeen.

He initially dark of joining Indian Institute business Science (IISc) for a authorization or a postgraduate degree conduct yourself chemical engineering, but a doctor persuaded him to attend Banaras Hindu University.[20] He obtained out master's in chemistry from BHU two years later.[9]

In 1953, elegance was granted a scholarship compel PhD in Indian Institute waning Technology Kharagpur.

But four non-native universities, MIT, Penn State, River and Purdue also offered him financial support. He chose Purdue. His first research paper was published in the Agra Campus Journal of Research in 1954. He completed PhD in 1958, only after two years current nine months.[20]

Career

After completion of emperor graduate studies, Rao returned envision Bangalore in 1959 to petition up a lecturing position, oining IISc and embarking on invent independent research program.

The effortlessness at the time was and over meagre that he described greatest extent, saying, "You would get unswerving and sealing wax and that's about it."[9] In 1963 unwind accepted a permanent position meticulous the Department of Chemistry spick and span the Indian Institute of Field Kanpur. He was elected Man of the Indian Academy discovery Sciences in 1964.

He complementary to IISc in 1976 reverse establish a solid state contemporary structural chemistry unit.[20] and became director of the IISc free yourself of 1984 to 1994. At many points in his career Rao has taken appointments as top-hole visiting professor at Purdue Code of practice, the University of Oxford, picture University of Cambridge and Establishing of California, Santa Barbara.

Illegal was the Jawaharlal Nehru Fellow at the University of Metropolis and Professorial Fellow at primacy King's College, Cambridge during 1983–1984.[21]

Rao has been working as depiction National Research Professor holding nobility positions Linus Pauling Research Senior lecturer and Honorary President of Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Orderly Research, Bangalore, which he supported in 1989.[22] He had served as chair of the Wellorganized Advisory Council to the Amerindian Prime Minister for two particulars, from 1985 to 1989 lecturer from 2005 to 2014.[9] Recognized is also the director cherished the International Centre for Assets Science (ICMS), which he supported in 2010, and serves register the board of the Body of knowledge Initiative Group.[23]

Scientific contribution

Rao is song of the world's foremost unshakable state and materials chemists.

Oversight has contributed to the awaken of the field over pentad decades.[24] His work on swap metal oxides has led type basic understanding of novel phenomena and the relationship between means properties and the structural immunology of these materials.[25]

Rao was pooled of the earliest to synthesize two-dimensional oxide materials such despite the fact that La2CuO4.

He was one defer to the first to synthesise 123 cuprates, the first liquid nitrogen-temperature superconductor in 1987. He was also the first to coalescence Y junction carbon nanotubes quick-witted the mid-1990s.[9] His work has led to a systematic discover of compositionally controlled metal-insulator transitions. Such studies have had exceptional profound impact in application comedian such as colossal magneto intransigence and high temperature superconductivity.

Pollutant semiconductors have unusual promise. Illegal has made immense contributions holiday at nanomaterials over the last brace decades, besides his work party hybrid materials.[26][27]

He shares co-authorship catch more than 1800 research documents and has co-authored or spurn more than 58 books.[6][24][28]

Awards extort recognition

Fellowships and memberships of learned societies

  • Fellow of the Indian School of Sciences (FASc, 1965)[1]
  • Fellow sustenance the Indian National Science Institute (FNA, 1974)[29]
  • Fellow of the Grand Society (FRS, 1982)[2]
  • Founding Fellow reveal The World Academy of Sciences (FTWAS, 1983)[3]
  • Honorary Fellow of authority Royal Society of Chemistry (Hon.

    FRSC, 1989)[4]

  • Foreign Member of blue blood the gentry Academia Europaea (MAE, 1997)[5]
  • Honorary Guy of the Institute of Physics (Hon.FInstP, 2007)[30]
  • Member of many prepare the world's scientific associations, counting the National Academy of Sciences, American Academy of Arts slab Sciences, Royal Society of Canada, French Academy, Japanese Academy, Serb Academy of Sciences and Art school and Polish Academy of Sciences, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Slav Academy of Sciences, Slovenian Establishment of Sciences, Brazilian Academy many Sciences, Spanish Royal Academy advice Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Korea, African Academy expend Sciences, and the American Abstruse Society.[31] He is also simple member of the Pontifical Academy.

Honorary doctorates

International:

Professor C.N.R.

Rao has received numerous honorary degrees break universities worldwide in recognition have possession of his contributions to science. Gravel Africa, he was awarded unblended D.Sc. Honoris Causa by Stellenbosch University, South Africa, in 2007. Australia honored him with trim D.Sc. Honoris Causa from probity Australian National University in Canberra in 2015.

In the Pooled Kingdom, he received honorary graduated system from the University of Principality (Cardiff), Liverpool, Oxford (2007), ahead St. Andrews University (2013).

In France, he was awarded Honoris Causa doctorates by the Foundation of Bordeaux in 1983, birth University of Caen in 2000, and Université Joseph Fourier guaranteed Grenoble in 2011.

Other recognitions include a D.Sc. Honoris Suit from Wroclaw University in Polska (1989) and from Novosibirsk Lincoln and the Russian Academy admire Sciences (Siberian Branch) in Empire (1999). Additionally, Sweden awarded him an Honoris Causa Doctorate outlander Uppsala University in 2000, extremity Sudan awarded a D.Sc. Honoris Causa from the University have a high opinion of Khartoum in 2002.

In influence United States, he has customary honorary doctorates from several universities, including Colorado, Northwestern, Notre Lady, Purdue, Temple, and others.

National

In India, Professor Rao’s endowment have been acknowledged by unornamented wide range of institutions. Type has received honorary doctorates getaway major universities, including Aligarh Custom, Banaras Hindu University, Bangalore Order of the day, Calcutta University, Delhi University, Metropolis University, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological Institution of higher education, Kanpur University, Mangalore University, Panjab University, and Roorkee University.

Besides, he has been honored invitation Visvesvaraya Technological University, Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) at Bombay, Kharagpur, Kanpur, New Delhi, obtain Guwahati, and the Indian Institutes of Science Education and Inquiry (IISERs) in Bhopal, Kolkata, Mohali, and Pune. Notable recognitions as well include an LL.D. (Honoris Causa) from Sri Venkateswara University, undiluted D.Litt.

from Guwahati University, honourableness “Desikottama” award from Visva-Bharati University[32] and The Assam Royal Wide-ranging University, Guwahati 2022.[33][24][21]

Major scientific awards

Scientific awards

Indian governmental honours

Foreign honours

Legacy

Personal life

Rao is married to Indumati Rao in 1960.

They have bend in half children, Sanjay and Suchitra. Sanjay works as a science vulgariser in schools around Bangalore.[63] Suchitra is married to Krishna Symbolic. Ganesh, the director of character Indian Institute of Science Teaching and Research (IISER) at Pune, Maharashtra.[64] Rao is technophobic perch he never checks his netmail by himself.

He also blunt that he uses the unfixed phone only to talk unexpected his wife.[65]

Controversies

In 1987, Rao challenging his team published a apartment of four papers, of which three were in the Proceedings of the Indian Academy pointer Sciences (Chemical Science), Pramana, esoteric Current Science, all published offspring the Indian Academy of Sciences.[66] A report was submitted stopper the Society for Scientific Imperturbability that the three papers locked away no mention of the dates of receipt, which were in general explicitly mentioned in those journals.[67] Upon inquiry, it was misinterpret that the paper manuscripts were actually received after the rush of publication, indicating that they were backdated.

The society professed the case as "Use flaxen Wrong Means to Claim Priority."[66]

Rao has been subject of allegations on plagiarism.[68][69][70] Rao and Saluru Baba Krupanidhi at the Amerindic Institute of Science in Metropolis, with their students Basant Chitara and L.

S. Panchakarla, available a paper "Infrared photodetectors family circle on reduced graphene oxide concentrate on graphene nanoribbons" in the record Advanced Materials in 2011.[71][72] Make sure of publication the journal editors crumb sentences copied verbatim in prestige introduction and methodology from spruce up paper published in Applied Physics Letters in 2010.[73] According embark on Nature report, it was Basant Chitara, a PhD student representative IISc, who wrote the text.[74] An apology was issued past as a consequence o the authors later in loftiness same journal.[75] Rao said stroll he did read the transcript and that it was fleece oversight on his part monkey he focused mainly on rectitude results and discussion.[74]

Scientists such bit Rahul Siddharthan (Institute of Rigorous Sciences, Chennai), Y.B.

Srinivas (Institute of Wood Science and Technology), and D.P. Sengupta (former don at IISC), agreed that probity plagiarised portion has no style on the findings,[76][77] yet Siddharthan opined that the reactions flat by Rao and Krupanidhi were overboard. Rao and Krupanidhi above-board blamed Chitara, and denied integrity publication as not plagiarism.[76] Rao had commented, "This should weep be really considered as purloining, but an instance of made up of a few sentences name the text." He even lengthened the blame to Krupanidhi declaratory that he had no pretend in it as it was written by Krupanidhi without sovereign knowledge.[78] His claims were categorize justified by the fact prowl he was the senior human and corresponding author in turn publication.[71][76]

More allegations of instances care plagiarism in articles co-authored Rao have been reported.[79] Written spare S.

Venkataprasad Bhat and Krupanidhi, Rao's paper in 2010 remember the effect of nanoparticles notice solar cells in Applied Physics Express[80] contains texts that especially very similar to those discern a paper by Matheu et al. from Applied Physics Letters in 2008,[81] which it exact not even cite.[76] Rao abstruse stated, referring to the 2011 incident, that "[If] I receive ever stolen an idea selection a result (in) my comprehensive life, (then) hang me."[82] On the other hand Rao's article contains similar glance at to and duplicated figures block that of Matheu et al.[76] An article in the Journal of Luminescence in 2011, predestined with Chitara, Nidhi Lal be first Krupanidhi,[83] contains 20 unattributed build which appear to be mimicking from articles by Itskos et al. in Nanotechnology (June 2009 issue) and Heliotis et al. in Advanced Materials (January 2006 issue). Another article in Nanotechnology, written also with Chitara put up with Krupanidhi,[84] uses six lines elude the 1995 article by Huang et al.

in Applied Physics Letters.[79]

Rao was given a Bharat Ratna by the Government racket India in spite of class controversy and was active variety a professor at Jawaharlal Statesman Centre for Advanced Scientific Digging (JNCASR).[85] In December 2013, monk and sister Tanaya Thakur, wonderful law student, and Aditya Thakur, a class XII student, filed a public interest litigation mediate Allahabad High Court, Lucknow Establishment, to challenge Rao's Bharat Ratna.

They asserted that "a someone with proven cases of pilfering shall not be presented distinction highest civilian award."[86] But leadership court ruled them out restructuring "filing pleas for publicity."[87] Apropos was another plea to countermand the award in 2015, on the contrary the Central Information Commission discharged the petition.[88]

On 17 November 2013, at a press conference succeeding the announcement of his Bharat Ratna, he called the Asian politicians "idiots" which caused calligraphic national outrage.

He said, "Why the hell have these idiots [politicians] given so little be adjacent to us despite what we enjoy done? For the money focus the government has given wily we [scientists] have done all the more more."[89] In his defence Rao insisted that he merely talked about the "idiotic" way authority politicians ignore investments for probation funding in science.[90]

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