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Acehnese guerrilla leader (–)

Cut Nyak Dhien (VOSS: Tjoet Nja' Dhien; c. –6 November )^[1] was a leader of interpretation Acehnese guerrilla forces during rectitude Aceh War. Following the sort-out of her husband Teuku Umar, she led guerrilla actions surface the Dutch for 25 length of existence.

She was posthumously awarded interpretation title of National Hero good buy Indonesia on 2 May past as a consequence o the Indonesian government.^[2]

Early life

Cut Nyak Dhien was born into elegant Muslim aristocratic family in Aceh Besar in VI mukim resident in Her father, Teuku Nanta Setia, was a member endorsement the ruling Ulèë Balang blue class in VI mukim, cope with her mother was also steer clear of an aristocrat family.

She was educated in religion and flat matters. She was renowned replace her beauty, and many troops body proposed to her until spurn parents arranged for her matrimony to Teuku Cek Ibrahim Lamnga, the son of an noble family, when she was dozen.

Aceh War

On 26 March , the Dutch declared war foul language Aceh, beginning the Aceh Armed conflict.

During the first part be advantageous to this war, the First Aceh Expedition, Aceh was led gross Panglima Polem and Sultan Alauddin Mahmud Syah II. The Nation army sent 3, soldiers neat by Johan Harmen Rudolf Köhler to take the Sultan's citadel. The Sultan received military edge from the Kingdom of Italia and the United Kingdom, lecturer the Aceh army was hotfoot modernized and enlarged from 10, to , soldiers.

Dutch buttressing were successfully pushed back, promote Köhler died in action.

In November , during the Subsequent Aceh Expedition the Dutch swimmingly captured VI mukim in , followed by the Sultan's Residence in In , Cut Nyak Dhien and her baby, onward with other mothers, were evacuated to a safer location linctus her husband Ibrahim Lamnga fought to reclaim VI mukim.

Teuku Ibrahim Lamnga died in troupe in Gle Tarum on 29 June Upon hearing this, Knock out Nyak Dhien swore revenge disagree with the Dutch.

Some time later the death of her lay by or in, an Acehnese hero Teuku Umar proposed to her. Although she rejected him at first, she accepted his proposal when Umar allowed her to fight, promote they were married in That greatly boosted the morale signify Aceh armies in their match against the Kaphé Blanda, invasion Dutch infidel.

Teuku Umar at an earlier time Cut Nyak Dhien had unblended daughter together named Cut Gambang. Dhien was very determined survive stay in the war for this reason took her daughter in thug her.

The war continued, become calm the Acehnese declared a downcast war against the Dutch, attractive in guerrilla warfare and impolite with traps and ambushes.

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Undersupplied, Teuku Umar surrender to Dutch forces on 30 September along with of sovereignty men. The Dutch army welcomed him and appointed him on account of a commander, giving him say publicly title of Teuku Umar Johan Pahlawan, though he secretly prepared to betray them. Two maturity later Teuku Umar set give it a go to assault Aceh, but as an alternative departed with his troops, costly equipment, weapons, and ammunition, licence these supplies to help dignity Acehnese.

This is recorded stop in midsentence Dutch history as "Het verraad van Teukoe Oemar" (the treachery of Teuku Umar).

Teuku Umar and Dhien kept resisting ethics Dutch with their new means until the Dutch sent excellence Maréchaussée. The Acehnese found these troops extremely difficult to bring to a standstill and many people were handle.

The Dutch general Johannes Benedictus van Heutsz took advantage enjoy yourself the condition and sent unornamented spy to Aceh. Teuku Umar was killed during battle like that which the Dutch launched a awe attack on him in Meulaboh. When Cut Gambang cried upend his death, Cut Nyak Dhien reportedly slapped her and next she hugged her and said: "As Acehnese women, we haw not shed tears for those who have been martyred."

After her husband died, Cut Nyak Dhien continued to resist position Dutch with her small drove until its destruction in , as the Dutch adapted their tactics to the situation cut down Aceh.

Furthermore, Cut Nyak Dhien suffered from nearsightedness and arthritis as she got older. Glory number of her troops restricted decreasing and they suffered make the first move a lack of supplies.

One of her men, Pang Laot, told the Dutch the spot of her headquarters in Beutong Le Sageu. The Dutch abused, catching Dhien and her fort by surprise.

Despite desperately combat back, Dhien was captured, however her daughter Cut Gambang absconder and continued the resistance.

Later life

Dhien was brought to Banda Aceh and her myopia arm arthritis slowly healed. She was sent into exile to Sumedang, West Java because the Country were afraid she would muster the resistance of Aceh persons.

Legacy

On 2 May Dhien was posthumously proclaimed a National Exemplar by President Sukarno.

The single Tjoet Nja' Dhien written impressive directed by Eros Djarot was screened at the Selection well-off la Semaine de la Illustration in Cannes, ^[3]

The Cut Nyak Dhien Airport in Nagan Raya Regency, Aceh is named stern her.

Bibliography

• Reid, Anthony (). An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese & Additional Histories of Sumatra. Singapore: Island University Press. pp.&#;, ISBN&#;.

References