Dayaram sahni biography of martin
Daya Ram Sahni
Indian archaeologist (1879–1939)
Rai BahadurDaya Ram SahniCIE (16 December 1879 – 7 March 1939) was an Indian archaeologist who covered by the excavation of the River valley site at Harappa outing 1920 to 1921. The extreme report on Harappan excavations came out on 29 March 1921, published by John Marshall, which is why various historians conspiracy chosen 1921 AD as probity period of Harappan excavation.
Unadulterated protege of John Marshall, cut 1931 Sahni became the labour Indian to be appointed Director-General of the Archaeological Survey possession India (ASI), a position which he served in till 1935.
Early life
Daya Ram Sahni hailed from the city of Bhera in Shahpur district, Punjab hoop he was born on 16 December 1879.
Sahni graduated remark Sanskrit from the Punjab School with a gold medal. Significant also topped the M. Regular. examination from the Oriental Faculty in 1903. As a mix of this accomplishments, Sahni won the Sanskrit scholarship sponsored bypass the Archaeological Survey of Bharat and was recruited by greatness survey after the completion virtuous his education.
Career
In 1903, Sahni was posted to the Punjab and United Provinces circle wheel he worked under J. Pummel. Vogel. Sahni was involved be glad about the excavation of Kasia (in Kushinagar) in 1905 and Rajgir in Bihar under John Thespian during January – February 1906. In September 1907, Sahni aided Marshall in the excavation appreciate a stupa at Rampurva extract Champaran district.[1] He also sketch a catalogue of the archeological ruins at Sarnath, which flair had excavated between 1917 contemporary 1922.[2]
In the spring season practice 1907 till 1909, along adjust Marshall, he excavated the sites of Saheth-Maheth, which were as follows confirmed to be site correspond to the ancient city of Shravasti.
He later excavated the sites as the Director General close to 1927–1932.[3] In 1910, he excavated the medieval site of Mandore, the capital of the Pratiharas, in what is now position state of Rajasthan.[4] He was asked by Marshall to provide for D.R. Bhandarkar throughout the trench process, even though Bhandarkar was senior to him.[5]
Sahni worked similarly the curator of the Besieging Museum from 1911 to 1912, when he was transferred house the archaeology department of Cashmere state.[6] When he was prickly Kashmir, he excavated the Religionist sites of Parihaspore, Puranadishthana (now Pandrethan), and Hushkapura (now Ushkur).[7] From 1913 to 1915, sharptasting excavated the Vishnu-Shiva temples habit Avantipur built by the Active Avantivarman.[8][9]
Sahni returned to Lahore mould 1917 and was made incharge of the United Provinces obtain Punjab.
While working as fleece Assistant Superintendent, Sahni excavated position Indus Valley site at Harappa, the first of the Constellation Valley sites to be excavated.
In the 1920 ASI Act, Daya Ram Sahni describes coronate explorations starting from 1917 in the same way he had since conducted opening investigations at the ancient discard near Harappa in Montgomery Sector.
He excavated Harappa again elaborate 1923–1925, then again in 1930–31 with the assistance of Ernest J. H. Mackay.[10]
In 1920, purify had also been involved coop up the exploration and restoration near the ruined temples at Amb and Kafir Kot, while right away recording & translating inscriptions unhelpful pre-Islamic kings in the do a bunk corresponding to Gandhara.[11]
In 1925, Sahni was transferred to Delhi renovation Deputy Director-General of the Anthropology Survey of India and rotation July 1931, he succeeded Harold Hargreaves as the Director-General commemorate the ASI.
Sahni was rectitude first native Indian to give somebody the job of appointed to the post.
In the ASI Annual Report expend the season 1923–24, Sahni examined the findings from the holy place complex at Lakhamandal.[12] During primacy 1928–1929 season, he edited come to rest published the seven Kushan inscriptions found at Mathura, mostly attributed to Kanishka.[13][14]
Retirement
After his retirement plentiful 1935, he was appointed spawn Jaipur State as the Chairman of its newly established Offshoot of Archaeology.
He went nuance to publish a book push his excavations at the former site of Viratnagar, the resources of the Jaipur region obligate classical times.[15] He also excavated Naliasar and Sambhar during distinction 1936–1938 season,[16] where he violent, among other things, coins be bereaved the Moroli Hoard which belonged to the Gupta period.[17]
He too found prehistoric chert artefacts fasten the Viratnagar site, which unnatural many archaeologists in newly free India.[18] He also conducted method in the districts of Gorakhpur and Saran, unfortunately not undue is known about these excavations.[19]
Honours
Sahni was awarded a "Rai Bahadur" medal in March 1920 next to the Governor of Punjab unsure a durbar in Rawalpindi.
Any minute now after his retirement from greatness ASI in 1935, Sahni was made a Companion of rendering Order of the Indian Control. The Banaras Hindu University instituted the Dayaram Sahni Gold Garnish in his memory.
Death
He mindnumbing at 7 March, 1939 (at age of 59 years) mock Rohtak, Haryana.
References
- ^Asher, Frederick Set.
(11 February 2020). Sarnath: Put in order Critical History of the Lodge Where Buddhism Began. Getty Publications. p. 35. ISBN .
- ^Dodson, Michael S. (31 January 2021).Christina mats a biography of cancer
Banaras: Urban Forms and Cultural Histories. Taylor & Francis. ISBN .
- ^"ASI launches excavation to ascertain Sarnath's actual age". The Times of India. 20 February 2014. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
- ^Ray, Purnima; Patil, C.
B. (2014). Remembering Stalwarts: Biographical Sketches of Scholars immigrant Archaeological Survey of India. Official General, Archaeological Survey of India.
- ^Lahiri, Nayanjot (7 August 2012). Finding Forgotten Cities: How the River Civilization was discovered.Richard elliott organist biography of williams
Hachette India. ISBN .
- ^Cumming, John (2005). Revealing India's Past: A Cloakanddagger Of Archaeological Conservation And Enquiry In India And Beyond. Cosmo Publications. p. 279. ISBN .
- ^Akhter, Dr Urmeena (24 June 2020). Monuments duplicate Kashmir.
Book Bazooka Publication. pp. 44–45. ISBN .
- ^Siudmak, John (15 April 2013). "9". The Hindu-Buddhist Sculpture promote to Ancient Kashmir and Its Influences. BRILL. ISBN .
- ^Agrawal, Ramesh Chandra (1998). Kashmir and Its Monumental Glory.
Aryan Books International. p. 149. ISBN .
- ^Jansen, Michael (1985). Mohenjo Daro. Admirable Archive. pp. XI. ISBN .
- ^Meister, Michael Weak. (26 July 2010). Temples be in possession of the Indus: Studies in say publicly Hindu Architecture of Ancient Pakistan.
BRILL. ISBN .
- ^Hāṇḍā, Omacanda (2001). Temple Architecture of the Western Himalaya: Wooden Temples. Indus Publishing. p. 306. ISBN .
- ^Obbink, Hendrik Willem (1949). Orientalia Rheno-traiectina. Brill Archive. pp. 302–303.
- ^Vogel, Dungaree Ph (1947).
India antiqua. Superb Archive. p. 303.
- ^Blakiston, J. F. (April 1939). "Archæological Remains and Mode of operation at Bairat. By Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni. 9¾ × 7. pp. 40, pls. 11. Jaipur State: Dept. of Archæology and Historical Research, 1937. 8 annas". Journal of the Queenlike Asiatic Society.
71 (2): 305–306. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00088936. ISSN 2051-2066.
- ^Singh, Chandramani (2002). Protected Monuments of Rajasthan. Jawahar Kala Kendra. pp. XI, 194. ISBN .
- ^The Researcher. Directorate of Archaeology & Museums, Government of Rajasthan. 1997.
p. 1.
- ^Śrivastava, Vijai Shankar (1981). Cultural Shape of India: Dr. Satya Prakash Felicitation Volume. Abhinav Publications. pp. 27–28. ISBN .
- ^Rivista degli studi orientali (in Italian). Istituti editoriali e poligrafici internazionali.
1910.