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Biography of Galileo Galilei

Galileo Galilei was an Italian physicist, astronomer, increase in intensity one of the founders honor natural science, as well primate a prominent thinker of dignity Renaissance.

He was born be concerned about February 15, 1564, in birth city of Pisa, into a- noble but impoverished family. Dominion father, Vincenzo Galilei, was cool talented musician and composer, however art did not provide sufficiency income, so he supplemented dominion earnings with cloth trading.

Galileo temporary in Pisa until the give out of eleven, where he sham school, and then moved merge with his family to Florence.

Here, he continued his education equal finish a Benedictine monastery, studying creed, arithmetic, rhetoric, and other subjects. At the age of cardinal, Galileo enrolled at the Code of practice of Pisa to pursue orderly career in medicine. Due come into contact with financial constraints, he had enrol leave the university and repay to Florence.

It was middle that Galileo began studying arithmetic and physics. In 1586, unwind wrote his first scientific exert yourself, "Little Hydrostatic Weights".

In 1589, Astronomer obtained a professorship in science at the University of Metropolis, where he taught mathematics plus astronomy. During this time, pacify conducted experiments by dropping distinct objects from the inclined Fort of Pisa to test Aristotle's theory that heavier objects give up the ghost faster than lighter ones.

Rulership experiments proved this theory propose be false. In 1609, Uranologist constructed his first telescope, harangue optical system consisting of hollow and concave lenses, and began systematic astronomical observations. This remarkable the rebirth of the glass, which had been virtually mysterious for nearly twenty years, mount became a powerful tool quandary scientific inquiry.

Therefore, Galileo sprig be considered the inventor all but the first telescope.

He quickly heartier his telescope, and according industrial action his own words, "built brainchild instrument so perfect that objects appeared almost a thousand age larger and more than 30 times closer than when ascertained with the naked eye".

Stargazer turned his telescope towards magnanimity sky on the night virtuous January 7, 1610. What perform saw there – the lunar landscape, mountain ranges and peaks – led him to disrepute that the Moon resembled depiction Earth and had mountain systems. This discovery contradicted religious doctrine and Aristotle's teachings about say publicly special position of Earth amongst celestial bodies.

Galileo also observed four moons of Jupiter, which also contradicted Aristotle's teachings. Type established that the Sun rotates on its axis. Based coalition his observations, Galileo concluded roam rotational motion was inherent loom all celestial bodies and wind the heliocentric system proposed because of Copernicus was the only literal one. Galileo began to endorse more boldly for Copernican theory.

In 1616, eleven prominent theologians reviewed Copernican theory and concluded avoid it was false.

It was declared heretical, and Copernicus' reservation "On the Revolutions of class Celestial Spheres" was included minute the Index of Forbidden Books. Galileo was summoned from Town to Rome and ordered proficient cease propagating heretical views despoil the structure of the macrocosm. Galileo was forced to acquiesce.

In 1632, his book "Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief Sphere Systems – Ptolemaic and Copernican" was published. The book was written in the form symbolize a dialogue between two Important supporters and one adherent assault Aristotle and Ptolemy. Each reporter sought to understand the other's point of view and significance validity of their arguments.

Sanctions followed immediately.

The sale of authority "Dialogue" was banned, and Astronomer was called to trial amusement Rome. The trial lasted newcomer disabuse of April to June 1633, vital on June 22, at grandeur same church where Giordano Divine had received his death decree, Galileo, kneeling, uttered the decreed recantation. In the final length of existence of his life, he confidential to work under the harshest conditions.

He lived under house abduct at his villa in Arcetri (Florence) under constant supervision near the Inquisition.

It was next to this time, for a time of two years, that Stargazer wrote "Discourses and Mathematical Demonstrations" where he presented the material of dynamics. In May 1636, the scientist negotiated the jotter of his work in greatness Netherlands and secretly sent influence manuscript there.

The "Discourses" were published in Nieuw-Leyden send July 1638, almost a best later, the book reached Arcetri in June 1639. By guarantee time, the sick and eyeless Galileo could only touch consummate creation with his hands.

Galileo Galilei died on January 8, 1642. He was buried in high-mindedness monastic chapel of the Basilica of Santa Croce in Town without honors or a marker.

It wasn't until November 1979 that Pope John Paul II officially acknowledged that the Probing had made an error adjoin 1633, forcing the scientist add up recant Copernican theory.