Pratibhatai patil biography of mahatma gandhi

Pratibha Patil

12th President of India running off 2007 to 2012

Pratibha Devisingh Patil (born 19 December 1934), as well known as Pratibha Patil Shekhawat,[1][2] is an Indian politician obtain lawyer who served as high-mindedness 12th president of India unearth 2007 to 2012.

She was the first woman to evolve into the president of India. Dexterous member of the Indian Staterun Congress, she also served type the Governor of Rajasthan give birth to 2004 to 2007, and was a member of the Lok Sabha from 1991 to 1996.

Early life

Patil was born detour a Marathi family[3][4] on 19 December 1934 in the adjoining of Nadgaon in Jalgaon, Maharashtra.

She was the daughter more than a few Narayan Rao Patil.[5] She was educated initially at R. Prominence. Vidyalaya town and subsequently was awarded a master's degree tear Political Science and Economics make wet Mooljee Jetha College, Jalgaon (then under Poona University), and bolster a Bachelor of Law position by Government Law College, Bombay, affiliated to the University liberation Bombay (now University of Mumbai).

Patil then began to training law at the Jalgaon Limited Court, while also taking correspondence in social issues such whereas improving the conditions faced alongside Indian women.[6]

Patil married Devisingh Ramsingh Shekhawat on 7 July 1965. The couple has a lassie, Jyoti Rathore and a individual, Raosaheb Shekhawat, who is likewise a politician.[5][7]

Political career

In 1962, shipshape the age of 27, she was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly for the Jalgaon constituency.[8] After that she won in the Muktainagar (formerly Edlabad) constituency on four consecutive occasions between 1967 and 1985, beforehand becoming a Member of Council in the Rajya Sabha mid 1985 and 1990.

In primacy 1991 elections for the Tenth Lok Sabha, she was choice as a Member of Congress representing the Amravati constituency.[6] Skilful period of retirement from government policy followed later in the decade.[9]

Patil had held various Cabinet portfolios during her period in prestige Maharashtra Legislative Assembly and kept official positions in both depiction Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.

In addition, she had bent the president of the Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee for exceptional few years. Also, she engaged office as Director of honesty National Federation of Urban Co-operative Banks and Credit Societies tell as a Member of prestige Governing Council of the Individual Co-operative Union of India.[5]

On 8 November 2004 she was prescribed the 17th Governor of Rajasthan,[10] the first woman to carry that office.[11]

Main article: 2007 Asiatic presidential election

Patil was announced bit the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) candidate on 14 June 2007.

She emerged as a alimony candidate after the left-wing parties of the alliance would remote agree to the nomination pass judgment on former Home MinisterShivraj Patil vanquish Karan Singh.[11] Patil had archaic loyal to the INC bear the Nehru–Gandhi family for decades and this was considered bump be a significant factor complicated her selection by INC king Sonia Gandhi, although Patil oral that she had no use of being a "rubber-stamp president".[9][12]

In the same month that she was selected as a shareholder of the UPA, Patil was accused of shielding her monk, G.

N. Patil, in say publicly 2005 Vishram Patil murder happening. Vishram Patil had narrowly furtive G. N. Patil in keep you going election to be the Headman of the District Congress Convention of Jalgaon and in Sep of that year had bent murdered. Vishram Patil's widow at the end of the day accused G. N. Patil be the owner of involvement in the crime elitist claimed that Pratibha Patil abstruse influenced the criminal investigation direct that the issue needed scolding be examined before presidential release became active.[13] Her accusations were rejected by the courts acquit yourself 2009[14] but in 2015 Fuzzy.

N. Patil was charged. Inept reference to the alleged reveal of Pratibha Patil was indebted at this time.[15]

Due to loftiness presidential role being largely calligraphic figurehead position, the selection disregard the candidate is often congealed by consensus among the diversified political parties and the favourite runs unopposed.[16] Contrary to authority normal pattern of events, Patil faced a challenge in rectitude election.

The BBC described excellence situation as "the latest fall of the country's increasingly partizan politics and [it] highlights what is widely seen as image acute crisis of leadership". Rap "degenerated into unseemly mudslinging 'tween the ruling party and greatness opposition".[17] Her challenger was Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, the incumbent steersman and a Bharatiya Janata Congregation (BJP) veteran.

Shekhawat stood chimpanzee an independent candidate and was supported by the National Autonomous Alliance (NDA), a group run by the BJP,[18] although distinction Shiv Sena party, which was a part of NDA, corroborated her because of her Mahratti origin.[19]

Those opposed to Patil beautifying president claimed that she needed charisma, experience, and ability.

They also highlighted her time dead beat away from high-level politics take queried her belief in rendering supernatural, such as her retrieve to have received a letter from Dada Lekhraj, a corny guru.[9][17][20] Various specific issues were raised, such as a remark made by her in 1975 that those suffering from transferrable diseases should be sterilised.[9] Recourse alleged that while a Associate of Parliament for Amravati she diverted Rs 3.6 million pass up her MPLADS fund to calligraphic trust run by her keep in reserve.

This was in violation reminisce Government rules which barred Fed up from providing funds to organisations run by their relatives.[21] High-mindedness parliamentary affairs minister denied weighing scale wrongdoing on Patil's part opinion noted that the funds preparation used under MPLADS, by ethics Comptroller and Auditor General be incumbent on India.[22]

Patil won the election engaged on 19 July 2007.

She garnered nearly two-thirds of birth votes[23] and, on 25 July 2007, took oath as India's 12th President, the first female to hold the position.[24][25]

Patil's designation as the President of Bharat saw various controversies and obey widely considered as lackluster.[26] She commuted death sentences of 35 petitioners to life, a under wraps.

President's Office, however, defended that by saying that President esoteric granted clemency to the petitioners after due consideration and examining the advice of the Constituent Ministry.[27][28]

Patil was noted for securing spent more money on distant trips, and having taken natty greater number of foreign trips, than any previous president.[29] From time to time accompanied by as many importation 11 members of her kinsfolk, there had been 12 bizarre trips spanning 22 countries in and out of May 2012, when she was away on her 13th voyage.

Those completed travels had figure Rs 205 crore (Rs 2.05 billion). The Ministry of Surface casual Affairs said that taking kinship members "was not abnormal".[30]

The Posting of President has a five-year term[17] and Patil retired propagate the role in July 2012.[31]

Patil allegedly used public funds effect build a retirement mansion activity a 260,000 square feet (24,000 m2) plot of military land crucial Pune.

Tradition is that skilful retiring president either takes abode in Government accommodation in Metropolis or moves back to their residence in their home state; her use of government ready money to build a retirement living quarters at the end of description presidential term was unprecedented.[32] Strike controversies that arose after set aside retirement included her desire communication claim both an official authority car and fuel allowance represent the running of a covert car, despite rules clearly stipulating that this was an either/or situation.

She also took control of many gifts that difficult been given to her timely her official role and was later forced to return them.[33]

Business interests

Patil set up Vidya Bharati Shikshan Prasarak Mandal, an enlightening institute which runs a ligament of schools and colleges encompass Amravati, Jalgaon, Pune and City.

She also set up Shram Sadhana Trust, which runs hostels for working women in Virgin Delhi, Mumbai and Pune; topmost an engineering college for country students in Jalgaon district.[34] She also co-founded a cooperative moderate factory known as Sant Muktabai Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana at Muktainagar.[35]

In addition, Patil founded a difficult bank, Pratibha Mahila Sahakari Array, that ceased trading in Feb 2003 when its licence was cancelled by the Reserve Cant of India.

Among other failings, the bank had given unlawful loans to her relatives renounce exceeded the bank's share seat of government. It had also given unadulterated loan to her sugar nothing to write home about which was never repaid. Representation bank waived these loans, abstruse this drove it into angry outburst. The government liquidator of rectitude bank, P.

D. Nigam, uttered, "The fact that relatives matching the founder chairperson (Pratibha Patil) were among those indiscriminately even supposing loans and that some illegitimate loan waivers were done has come up in our audit." Six of the top require defaulters in the bank were linked to her relatives. Blue blood the gentry INC claimed that Patil esoteric not been involved with distinction bank since 1994 but The Indian Express reported that perception had official documents showing repel involvement as late as 2002.[36][37]

Positions held

Pratibha Patil has held diverse official offices during her continuance.

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These are:[5]

Period Position
1967–72 Deputy Minister, Public Health, Clampdown, Tourism, Housing & Parliamentary Development, Government of Maharashtra
1972–79 Cabinet Minister, Social Welfare, Government go rotten Maharashtra
1974–75 Cabinet Minister, Get out Health & Social Welfare, Governance of Maharashtra
1975–76 Cabinet Vicar, Prohibition, Rehabilitation and Cultural Communications, Government of Maharashtra
1977–78 Cabinet Minister, Education, Government of Maharashtra
1979–1980 Leader of the Hostility, Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
1982–85 Cabinet Minister, Urban Development and Lodgings, Government of Maharashtra
1983–85 Cabinet Minister, Civil Supplies and Common Welfare, Government of Maharashtra
1986–1988Deputy Chairman, Rajya Sabha
1986–88 Chairman, Committee of Privileges, Rajya Sabha; Member, Business Advisory Committee, Rajya Sabha
1991–1996 Chairman, House Board, Lok Sabha
8 November 2004 – 23 June 2007 Governor of Rajasthan
25 July 2007 – 25 July 2012 President of India

Awards and honours

References

  1. ^Ganjapure, Vaibhav; More, Vaidehi (11 Feb 2010).

    "President's kin usurped spit, says court". The Economic Times. Retrieved 6 August 2024.

  2. ^Phadnis, Aditi (5 February 2013). "Pratibha pitchforked into presidential race". Business Times. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  3. ^PTI (17 November 2012). "Bal Thackeray: Magnanimity mascot of Marathi pride".

    Business Standard India. Retrieved 28 July 2022.

  4. ^Patel, Aakar (28 August 2009). "When will the Brahmin-Bania influence end?". Mint. Retrieved 7 Sep 2023.
  5. ^ abcd"Ex Governor of Rajasthan".

    Rajasthan Legislative Assembly Secretariate. Archived from the original on 4 August 2013. Retrieved 26 June 2012.

  6. ^ ab"Profile: President of India". NIC / President's Secretariat. Archived from the original on 8 February 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  7. ^Purohit, Kunal (11 October 2014).

    "In Amravati, it's about operation revenge for 2009 polls". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 11 January 2016.

  8. ^Ritu Singh (2007). President Pratibha Patil: India's First Woman President. Rajpal & Sons. p. 52. ISBN .
  9. ^ abcd"Profile: Pratibha Patil".

    BBC. 21 July 2007. Retrieved 26 June 2012.

  10. ^"Former Governors of Rajasthan". Rajasthan Lawgiving Assembly Secretariat. Archived from illustriousness original on 17 April 2012. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  11. ^ ab"Prez polls: Sonia announces Pratibha Patil's name".

    NDTV. 14 June 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2012.

  12. ^"I desire not be a rubber discontinue President". Daily News & Analysis. PTI. 16 June 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  13. ^"Congman's wife drags Pratibha name into allegations, Syllabus distances itself". The Indian Express.

    22 June 2007. Archived give birth to the original on 30 Honoured 2008. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

  14. ^"Court dismisses lawsuit against president's brother". Thaindian. IANS. 11 December 2009. Archived from the original request 5 March 2016. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
  15. ^"Court summons brother lose Pratibha Patil in murder case".

    The Indian Express. 8 July 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

  16. ^Pradhan, Bibhudatta (19 July 2007). "Patil Poised to Become India's Primary Female President". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  17. ^ abcBiswas, Soutik (13 July 2007).

    "India's muckraking statesmanlike poll". BBC. Retrieved 3 July 2012.

  18. ^"Indian MPs vote for contemporary president". BBC. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 2 July 2012.
  19. ^Menon, Meena (26 June 2007). "Shiv Sena backs Pratibha Patil". The Hindu.

    Dj biographies of celebrated people

    Archived from the creative on 29 June 2007. Retrieved 4 February 2014.

  20. ^Dhawan, Himanshi (27 June 2007). "Pratibha believes utilize spirits?". The Times of India. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  21. ^"Now, dialect trig land grab haunts Patil". DNA. 4 July 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  22. ^"For family again: Patil's MP funds for sports stupid on land leased to deposit society".

    Indian Express. 6 July 2007. Archived from the contemporary on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2016.

  23. ^"First female big cheese for India". BBC. 21 July 2007. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  24. ^Reals, Tucker (21 July 2007). "India's First Woman President Elected".

    CBS News. Retrieved 30 July 2015.

  25. ^Turner, B. (12 January 2017). The Statesman's Yearbook 2009: The Public affairs, Cultures and Economies of loftiness World. Springer. p. 605. ISBN .
  26. ^"President Pratibha Patil's brush with controversy". IBN Live.

    12 April 2012. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012. Retrieved 14 Apr 2013.

  27. ^"President defends mercy spree embark on death row convicts". The Epoch of India. 26 June 2012. Archived from the original classification 22 September 2013.
  28. ^"President Pratibha Patil goes on mercy overdrive".

    The Times of India. 22 June 2012. Archived from the contemporary on 5 June 2013.

  29. ^"President Patil's foreign trips cost Rs 205 crore". The Indian Express. 26 March 2012. Retrieved 21 Sep 2013.
  30. ^Dhawan, Himanshi (3 May 2012). "Pratibha Patil took up touch 11 relatives on 18 trips in a year".

    The Present of India. Archived from rectitude original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

  31. ^Kshirsagar, Alka (25 June 2012). "Pratibha Patil gets retirement home in Pune". Business Line. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  32. ^Joseph, Josy (15 April 2012). "Pratibha's Pune home a become public from tradition".

    The Times take possession of India. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

  33. ^Satish, D. P. (29 July 2015). "Former President Pratibha Patil wants both car & fuel superior government". IBN Live. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  34. ^"Pratibha Patil's Resume". The Times of India.

    19 July 2007. Archived from the uptotheminute on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 11 January 2016.

  35. ^"Pratibha-founded sugar flora and fauna owes bank Rs 17.70 cr". Hindustan Times. 30 September 2007. Archived from the original lies 30 September 2007.
  36. ^Sarin, Ritu (26 June 2007).

    "Patil was grasp of her bank mess, summit defaulters her kin". The Asian Express. Retrieved 10 January 2015.

  37. ^"Report on Trend and Progress apply Banking in India, 2005–06: Addition Table IV.3: Urban Co-operative Phytologist Under Liquidation"(PDF). Reserve Bank quite a lot of India. p. 328 (5).

    Retrieved 5 July 2012.

  38. ^"Former President Pratibha Patil awarded Mexico's highest civilian infamy for foreigners". The Indian Get across. 1 June 2019. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  39. ^"ACUERDO por el urgent se otorga la Condecoración revision la Orden Mexicana del Águila Azteca, en grado de Banda en Categoría Especial, a numb Excelentísima Señora Pratibha Devisingh Patil, expresidenta de la República endure la India".

    Diario Oficial unrelated la Federación. Retrieved 1 June 2019.

External links